A gelding is a term used to describe a castrated stallion. A stud is a stallion that is bred for breeding purposes. ISBN 0-19-869117-3.A mare is a name for a female horse. and Howard Hayes Scullard (editors), Oxford University Press, 1992. The Oxford Classical Dictionary, second edition, Hammond, N.G.L.Lenardon, Classical Mythology, Eighth Edition, Oxford University Press, 2007. Kerényi, Karl (1967), Eleusis: Archetypal Image of Mother and Daughter, Princeton University Press, 1991.Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960. Hyginus, Gaius Julius, De Astronomica, in The Myths of Hyginus, edited and translated by Mary A.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press London, William Heinemann Ltd. Hesiod, Theogony, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G.Grimal, Pierre, The Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996.Online version at Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1939. Diodorus Siculus, Library of History, Volume III: Books 4.59-8, translated by C.180, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2002. Aristophanes, Plutus ( Wealth), in Aristophanes, Frogs, Assemblywomen, Wealth, edited and translated by Jeffrey Henderson, Loeb Classical Library No.^ Plutus ( Wealth, second version, 388 BC).In two representations of the Eleusinian goddesses intended for the general public, two magnificent vase paintings in late Attic style, we see the child once as a little boy standing with a cornucopia before the enthroned Demeter, and once in the cornucopia being handed to Demeter by a goddess rising out of the earth- as though he had been born down there in the realm to which Kore had been carried away." ( Eleusis: Archetypal Image of Mother and Daughter (Bollingen) 1967, p 31). ^ Karl Kerenyi, "After the rape of Persephone a child was born, the little Ploutos, who resembled the ravisher, Plouton- Latinized as Pluto.^ Hesiod, Theogony 969 Diodorus Siculus, Historic Library 5.77.1 Hyginus, De Astronomica 2.4.7 Grimal, s.v.What else could have sprung from the willingness of the grain goddess?" ( Eleusis: Archetypal Image of Mother and Daughter (Bollingen) 1967, p 30). ^ Karl Kerenyi, "We are not surprised to learn that the fruit of her love was Ploutos, 'riches'.Plutomania, an excessive desire for wealth.Plutonomics, the study of wealth management.Plutocracy, rule by the wealthy, and plutocrat, one who rules by virtue of wealth.Like many other figures in Greek and Roman mythology, Plutus' name is related to several English words. He is known for saying the famous phrase, " Pape Satàn, pape Satàn aleppe."Įrasmus writes in The Praise of Folly that Folly is the offspring of Plutus. Dante likely included Plutus to symbolize the evil of hoarding wealth. In Canto VII of Dante's Inferno, Plutus is a demon of wealth who guards the fourth circle of Hell, "The Hoarders and the Wasters". The dead man lies in some dark corner, shrouded from the knees upward in an old sheet, with the cats fighting for possession of him, while those who have expectations wait for me in the public place, gaping as wide as young swallows that scream for their mother's return. When I am to flit from one house to another, they lay me on parchment, seal me up carefully, make a parcel of me and take me round. It is not Zeus who sends me, but Hades, who has his own ways of conferring wealth and making presents Hades and Plutus are not unconnected, you see. In Lucian of Samosata's satirical dialogue Timon, Ploutus, the very embodiment of worldly goods written up in a parchment will, says to Hermes: In later allegorical bas-reliefs, Plutus is depicted as a boy in the arms of Eirene, as Prosperity is the gift of "Peace", or in the arms of Tyche, the Fortune of Cities. Īmong the Eleusinian figures painted on Greek ceramics, regardless of whether he is depicted as child or youthful ephebe, Plutus can be identified as the one bearing the cornucopia-horn of plenty. When the king of gods Jupiter asks him why, he replies that he hates the god of riches due to Plutus favouring the wicked and the corrupt. Phaedrus records a fable where, after Hercules is received in Olympus, he greets all the gods but refuses to greet Plutus. When the god's sight is restored, in Aristophanes' comedy, he is then able to determine who is deserving of wealth, creating havoc. In the philosophized mythology of the later Classical period, Plutus is envisaged by Aristophanes as blinded by Zeus, so that he would be able to dispense his gifts without prejudice he is also lame, as he takes his time arriving, and winged, so he leaves faster than he came. Brooklyn Museum Archives, Goodyear Archival Collection. Sencathea feeding infant Plutus from horn of plenty, relief, Rome.
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